Techno-Economic Analysis of Photovoltaic Systems to Realize Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

Abstract

Dependence on fossil fuels and environmental impacts such as carbon emissions and global warming are major challenges in energy sustainability. This study aims to conduct a techno-economic analysis of a hybrid solar power plant (PVP) system with a capacity of 46 kWp in Beloh Hamlet, Mojokerto Regency. Performance evaluation was conducted using PVsyst software to assess the energy efficiency and economic viability of the system. The simulation results show that the system produces an output power of 189.25 kWh per day or 69,077 kWh per year, with a Performance Ratio (PR) reaching 75.7%. From an economic perspective, the analysis shows a Net Present Value (NPV) value of IDR 404,631,838, with a Payback Period (PP) in year 9 and a Break-Even Point (BEP) in year 8. The system also has a Return on Investment (ROI) of 215% in 25 years. In addition, the implementation of this system contributes to the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), especially SDG 7 (Clean and Affordable Energy), SDG 9 (Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure), and SDG 11 (Sustainable Cities and Settlements). With an estimated carbon emission reduction of 1,118 tons in 25 years, this study confirms the potential of solar PV as a sustainable solution to support energy transition in rural Indonesia.